Is there a universal aromatic or aliphatic catalyst for adhesives that can’t be used with organotin catalysts anymore?

Is there a universal aromatic or aliphatic catalyst for adhesives that can't be used with organotin catalysts anymore?

Organotin compounds are metal-organic compounds formed by the direct combination of tin and carbon elements. The general formula RnSnX4- (n=1-4, R is alkyl or aromatic group). There are two types of alkyltin compounds and aromatic compounds. The basic structures are monosubstituted, disubstituted, trisubstituted and tetrasubstituted (referring to the number of R). 10-20% of the tin yield is used for the synthesis of organotin compounds.

Organotin catalysts [1] are commonly used in the production of products such as polyurethanes, especially in the industries of polyurethane foams, coatings, elastomers, adhesives, resins, etc.

Undoubtedly, organotin catalysts have the best catalytic effect in the synthesis of polyesters, with the advantages of solubility in materials, high catalytic efficiency and light color of products. The disadvantage is that it may be harmful to living organisms and thus is banned by the EU REACH Act.

There are a variety of catalysts that can effectively replace organotin catalysts. For example, titanate series and zinc carboxylate series have good catalytic effect.